Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation >

2021 , Vol. 3 >Issue 2: 293 - 311

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42967-020-00085-3

ORIGINAL PAPER

Drop-Activation: Implicit Parameter Reduction and Harmonious Regularization

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  • 1 Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
    2 Department of Statistics and the College, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

Received date: 2019-12-09

  Revised date: 2020-03-27

  Online published: 2021-05-26

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Abstract

Overftting frequently occurs in deep learning. In this paper, we propose a novel regularization method called drop-activation to reduce overftting and improve generalization. The key idea is to drop nonlinear activation functions by setting them to be identity functions randomly during training time. During testing, we use a deterministic network with a new activation function to encode the average efect of dropping activations randomly. Our theoretical analyses support the regularization efect of drop-activation as implicit parameter reduction and verify its capability to be used together with batch normalization (Iofe and Szegedy in Batch normalization: accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift. arXiv:1502.03167, 2015). The experimental results on CIFAR10, CIFAR100, SVHN, EMNIST, and ImageNet show that drop-activation generally improves the performance of popular neural network architectures for the image classifcation task. Furthermore, as a regularizer drop-activation can be used in harmony with standard training and regularization techniques such as batch normalization and AutoAugment (Cubuk et al. in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 113-123, 2019). The code is available at https://github.com/LeungSamWai/Drop-Activ ation.

Key words： Deep learning; Image classifcation; Overftting; Regularization

Cite this article

Senwei Liang, Yuehaw Khoo, Haizhao Yang . Drop-Activation: Implicit Parameter Reduction and Harmonious Regularization[J]. Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2021 , 3(2) : 293 -311 . DOI: 10.1007/s42967-020-00085-3

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